ABSTRACT
Purpose@#The purpose of this study was to identify the level of psychological insulin resistance and self-care activities and to evaluate the factors affecting self-care activities in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing insulin therapy to provide basic data for the development of educational programs. @*Methods@#Data were collected through the interviews using a structured questionnaire from August 29 to October 20, 2017, from the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus visiting the Diabetes Mellitus Center at H-General Hospital in J-city. The subjects were 168 patients who had been being treated via self-injection for at least three months after the start of insulin therapy. Data analyses were conducted using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression using the SAS WIN 9.2 program. @*Results@#The mean score of psychological insulin resistance was 61.25 (range 19-95) and the mean score of self-care activities was 53.19 (range 18-90). Self-care activities were significantly different by gender (t = -2.94, p = .004), perceived health status (F = 7.00, p < .001), and hypoglycemia during the last three months (t = -2.47, p = .015). Negative correlation was observed between psychological insulin resistance and self-care activities (r = -.33, p < .001). Self-care activities were significantly predicted by psychological insulin resistance, perceived health status, gender, and hypoglycemia during the last three months, and 19.0% of the variance in self-care activities was explained (F = 9.01, p < .001). @*Conclusion@#Psychological insulin resistance in patients undergoing insulin therapy and its effects on self-care activities identified in this study will be useful in starting and maintaining insulin therapy in the future.
ABSTRACT
Down syndrome patients generally have poor oral hygiene due to lack of awareness and ability to perform oral care, and there is a high risk of tooth loss. Also, they are characterized by small and irregular teeth and oligodontia, which makes it difficult to do prosthetic treatment. This article reports a case of implant hybrid prosthesis treatment of maxillary edentulous area in Down syndrome patient. The external shape of the final prosthesis was determined by using the mandibular artificial teeth to reflect the oligodontia of the mandible and the pontic areas were adjusted to facilitate oral hygiene care. As a result, aesthetically and functionally satisfactory results were obtained.
Subject(s)
Humans , Denture, Partial, Fixed , Down Syndrome , Mandible , Oral Hygiene , Prostheses and Implants , Tooth , Tooth Loss , Tooth, ArtificialABSTRACT
Recently, flexible denture is widely used with some advantages such as esthetics, flexibility and biocompatibility. However, there is an opposite opinion about stability because of the movement of denture by the material's flexibility. As the denture moves to tissue surface during mastication, it irritates the supporting tissue. It can lead to trauma and rapid resorption of residual ridges if this irritation lasts for a long time. In this case, the patient has used flexible denture with insufficient stability, retention and support for several years and thus continuous irritation of the supporting tissue resulted in palate bone exposure. The patient discomfort and palate bone exposure underwent improvements by the new denture with stability and retention. A careful case selection for flexible denture, regular checkup and proper treatment are necessary to prevent the side effects.
Subject(s)
Humans , Dentures , Esthetics , Mastication , Palate , PliabilityABSTRACT
Mouse is a commonly used animal in life science studies and is classified as outbred if genetically diverse and inbred if genetically homogeneous. Outbred mouse stocks, are used in toxicology, oncology, infection and pharmacology research. The National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation (NIFDS; former the Korea National Institute of Health) have bred ICR mice for more than 50 years. We investigated to provide users with information and promote accountability to the Korl:ICR. To secure the indigenous data, biological characteristics of Korl:ICR were identified by comparing with other ICR stocks. This domestic ICR stock was denominated as ‘Korl:ICR’. Phylogenetic analysis using SNPs indicated that the population stratification of the Korl:ICR was allocated different area with other ICR. In addition, we measured litter size, body weight, body length, various organ weight, hematology and clinical blood chemistry of the Korl:ICR compared to other ICR. Otherwise, there are no significant differences among the biological phenotypes of Korl:ICR and other ICR. These results suggest that as a genetically indigenous source colony, the Korl:ICR is seperated (or independent) stock with other ICR. Also, we confirmed that there is no difference among the Korl:ICR and other ICR on biological phenotypes. Therefore, the Korl:ICR source colony might be a new stock in distinction from other ICR, it is a good milestone in securing ownership of the national laboratory animal resource. The NIFDS expects that the Korl:ICR mice will be useful animal resource for our domestic researchers.
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Animals, Laboratory , Biological Science Disciplines , Body Weight , Chemistry , Hematology , Korea , Litter Size , Mice, Inbred ICR , Organ Size , Ownership , Pharmacology , Phenotype , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Population Characteristics , Rodentia , Social Responsibility , ToxicologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: This study was to understand the characteristics of depressive symptoms among the community-dwelling elderly. METHODS: Through a community mental health mass screening program in senior society, 197 elderly were evaluated for depressive symptoms with Korean version of Short form Geriatric Depression Scale (SGDS-K). The subjects were grouped into normal or caution groups with a cut-off score of 6. The response rate and odds ratio were calculated and compared within each question. RESULTS: Although they had low total score, many subjects in normal group have the symptoms of the question 2, 13, 5, 10, 7, 4 (in order). Question 12, 6, 8, 4, 14, 3 (in order) showed higher odds ratio in caution group than normal group. Questions belonged to a factor 'general depressive mood' scored much higher odds ratio than the other. CONCLUSION: Even the elderly with low score in SGDS-K might complain of symptoms such as decreased level of energy, activities, interests, and memory. However the subjects with high score tend to report feeling more worthless, afraid, helpless, bored, hopeless, and empty. It can be helpful to know the distribution of depressive symptoms for providing careful mental health service to the elderly dwelling in the communities.
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Community Mental Health Centers , Depression , Geriatric Psychiatry , Mass Screening , Memory , Mental Health , Mental Health Services , Odds Ratio , Psychiatric Status Rating ScalesABSTRACT
Assessing human exposure to food-borne hazards requires standardized assessment tools. The objective of this study was to validate a newly developed dietary assessment questionnaire to assess human exposure to food-borne hazards, which include dietary behavior and food consumption patterns such as eating frequency, types of food containers and cooking methods. A total of 216 adults were recruited for two questionnaire surveys (questionnaire 1 and 2) about 1 week apart with a 3 day diet record. Reproducibility was evaluated by comparing responses from questionnaires 1 and 2, and validity was checked by comparing responses from questionnaire 2 and the 3 day diet record. Comparisons were based on the percent agreement and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. The mean exact agreement of food containers at purchase between questionnaires 1 and 2 was 73.5%, for storing containers it was 71.9%, and for cooking methods it was 83.0%. The mean correlation coefficient for food intake frequency between questionnaires 1 and 2 was 0.71 (range, 0.50?0.83). The mean correlation coefficient of the food intake frequency between questionnaire 2 and the 3 day diet record was 0.21 (range, 0.04-0.48). The exact and adjacent agreement of food intake frequency quartile assessed by questionnaire 2 and the 3 day diet record was 65.4% (range, 51.0-82.1%). Although the correlation coefficient for food intake frequency between questionnaire 2 and the 3 day diet record was low, the exact and adjacent food intake frequency agreement was higher than 50% and reproducibility of the dietary behaviors exceeded 70%. Therefore, the questionnaire developed in this study could be applied to assess diets for the human exposure to food-borne hazards as a qualitative assessment in a large population.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Cooking , Diet , Diet Records , Eating , Food Packaging , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Soy-isoflavones may act as estrogenic agonists or antagonists depending on the endogenous hormone status. These clinical effects can be exerted variably in individuals by the metabolic ability to produce a more potent metabolite than precursors. The objective of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to investigate the skeletal effect of isoflavones according to their metabolic variability in premenopausal women. Volunteers were randomly assigned to receive either soy-extract isoflavones (n=32) or lactose (n=21) once a day for three menstrual cycles. After intervention, the urinary excretions of isoflavones and their metabolites were significantly higher in the soy group than in the placebo group and showed a large inter-individual variation. Women in the soy group were divided into subgroups according to their ability to excrete more potent metabolites. Serum osteocalcin and urine deoxypyridinoline showed a tendency to increase after a challenge in equol high-excretors. Serum osteocalcin concentration in the genistein high-excretors increased significantly after a challenge (P=0.04) but did not increase in either the placebo or genistein low-excretors. An estrogenic antagonistic effect of isoflavones on bone turnover was observed in premenopausal women who are able to produce more potent metabolites.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Amino Acids/urine , Bone and Bones/drug effects , Double-Blind Method , Estrogen Antagonists/pharmacokinetics , Isoflavones/pharmacokinetics , Osteocalcin/blood , PremenopauseABSTRACT
From March in 1991, central photorefractive keratectomy(CPRK) have performed to correct the 700 myopic eyes. With the example of 310 eyes posibly observed over 6 months after CPRK, studed whether it was corrected by retrospective examining. Especilly in the study of 150 patients collected by answering sheet then studied how discomfort they took through complication, and analyzed the cause of change and Indivisual degree of sansfaction with their myopic degree and postoperative permd. This study led to a conclusion that the milder myopia and the longer postoperative period, the more patients sansfaction increased. This is because the change of refractive power become stable and corneal haze decresase with time, Futhermore we dunk that corneal haze and regression occur more frequently in higher myopla, The CPRK is promising surgical treatment for patients with higher myopia but considerable further investigation and longer-term studies are needed to increase satisfaction.